In 2009 demographers from the Institute of Economics of the Ural branch of Russian Academy of Sciences worked out the demographic forecast in the context of the “General plan for development of the municipal entity “Ekaterinburg”. The paper deals with the scientific approach to demographic forecasting. Particular attention was given to the suggested algorithm of tabulation referred to long-range population size based on the technique of ageing and the component method (with the dynamics of fertility, survival and migration of the population of different age and sex taken into consideration). In conclusion, the authors analyze an estimated population size and age-sex structure in terms of two scenarios of demographic development of the municipal entity “Ekaterinburg” until 2030.

In this paper, the authors classified the methods of evaluation of life and human health, physical and mental suffering, identified influencing factors affecting the value of the estimate cost of living on the basis of generalization of extensive theoretical and empirical material of various domestic and foreign publications. From the perspective of human capital theory, various approaches to modeling monetary value of human life are reviewed, for example, the demographic approach, consequential, direct investments in human lived during the interval years, theory of utility to the human society, the cost of risk unit and society's willingness to pay for the damages, as well as costs to society to reduce the risk of premature death of its member.

In the article, the author classified the methods of population projection on the basis of generalization of extensive theoretical and empirical data of national and foreign researchers. Particularly, the method of shifting ages or the component-method was allocated. The article emphasizes the approaches of possible hypotheses of demographic processes' development on the long and short run. The author in detail submitted the list of factors, which most can affect dynamics of birth rate, mortality, migratory mobility of the population in Russia in the short term, such as stability of economic growth; growth of living standards and quality of life of the population; maintenance of traditional family values; health system improvement; improvement of ecological situation, etc. As an example, the author presented her own calculation results of the expected number of the population of a municipal unit «city of Yekaterinburg» up to 2030. Further, analysis of the obtained data was made. In the paper, the importance of population projection for socioeconomic planning of development of the country as a whole and its certain territories is shown.

The article is devoted to such important problem as Russians’ reproductive health worsening that defines health of posterity and viability of generations, and appreciably impacts on the birth rate. Statistics of contraception among women of reproductive age, statistics of induced abortions occurrence, statistics of primary, and secondary infertility are investigated. Data of Public Opinion Foundation on problems of child-free marriages and reproductive rights of citizens are given. Results of medical, scientific centers about additional reproductive technologies practice such as in vitro fertilization (EKO), surrogate motherhood, etc. are shown. The importance of state support of these technologies and liberalization of legal control of the realization of a desire to be parents as the most important tool of demographic policy is emphasized. The questions of raising the public importance of family planning, sex education, family and moral values among young formation, healthy lifestyle, responsible motherhood and paternity are explored in the article.