In this paper the basic directions and actions under the priority National project "Health" are considered. An emphasis on the analysis of a current condition of public health services is made; prospects of realization of the national project in territory of the Ural Federal District in a cut of its subjects are noted. A number of already lead actions within the limits of the National project "Health", in particular, introduction advanced is in detail shined

This article discusses the main directions and measures for the development and implementation of population policies aimed at increasing the birth rate, the regulation of reproductive orientations population and strengthening the family institution. An emphasis on the analysis of fertility old-industrial territories. More events are considered conducive to stimulate the birth rate.