In this paper, the features of Sverdlovsk region to ensure grain products are reviewed. The dependence of the agricultural sector and the conditions of its transport and logistics are substantiated. It is proven that transport and logistics services have the greatest impact not on harvest and on its processing and storage. The choice of transport and logistics service strategy for enterprises of agriculture depends on productivity, prices for grain and its products and the financial condition of the producer. From the calculations made in the paper it is visible that rail transport has a significant — more than double — advantage over the automobile transport on unit costs for carriage in bulk grain cargo, but, for some reason, road transport is beginning to occupy an increasing share in the carriage of grain cargoes. Based on comparative analysis of costs to import grain cargo using various transport modes, recommendations for improvement of transport and logistics infrastructure are made, as well as measures for improving the payments system between producers, processors and transporters are suggested.

Russian economy requires the considerable volume of investment. Investment requires sufficient quantity of investment resources, which can be created both from internal, and of external sources. Russia’s domestic savings, exceeds the majority of the largest developing countries, however in size of investments significant yields. Capital export by private sector is much more than attraction foreign investments. The state also exports the considerable amount the equity in the form of the currency holdings which size is much higher than minimum necessary level. In total, excess of export of financial resources over import is 7,3 % of gross domestic product that doesn’t allow to allocate these funds for investments. Restriction of capital export with a private sector and decrease in excess state reserves in foreign assets is the compulsory provisions necessary for the achievement of a long-term strong growth by the Russian economy.